Volcano World | Your World is Erupting | Oregon State University

Time 2021-11-15 17:11:42

Web Name: Volcano World | Your World is Erupting | Oregon State University

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Skip to main content OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY Open search box Volcano World Toggle menu Go to search page Exit Search VolcanoesFamous VolcanoesCentral Andes (Under Construction)Hawaiian VolcanismMount Saint HelensVolcanoes of JapanEtnaExtraterrestrial VolcanoesFor TeachersTeaching ResourcesMount St Helens Living LabEarth Science LessonsPlate TectonicsRocks and MineralsPrehistoric EarthAll About VolcanoesTypes of VolcanoesEruption StylesSubmarine VolcanoesLava DomesColumnar JointingHydrovolcanismVolcanogenic TsunamisVolcanic MineralsVolcanic GasesVolcanic LightningVolcanic SoundsVolcanic HazardsLearn MoreGlossaryGVP Current Eruption ReportsUS Volcano Activity MapVolcano FactoidsBuilding Volcano ModelsCalendarInterviews with VolcanologistsWorking on VolcanoesAdventures and FunFor KidsArt GalleryVolcano GamesVirtual Volcano FieldtripsMount St. Helens by HelicopterVirtual AltiplanoVirtual Altiplano BoliviaAround SantoriniClimbing Mt AsamaDriving Kilauea Rim DriveExploring the Canary IslandsHiking Mount IjenTo the Top of BeerenbergVolcano FolkloreVolcanic ParksVolcano GalleryAboutContact UsFAQsCalendarLibraryMapsOnline ServicesMake a Gift VolcanoesFamous VolcanoesCentral Andes (Under Construction)Hawaiian VolcanismMount Saint HelensVolcanoes of JapanEtnaExtraterrestrial VolcanoesFor TeachersTeaching ResourcesMount St Helens Living LabEarth Science LessonsPlate TectonicsRocks and MineralsPrehistoric EarthAll About VolcanoesTypes of VolcanoesEruption StylesSubmarine VolcanoesLava DomesColumnar JointingHydrovolcanismVolcanogenic TsunamisVolcanic MineralsVolcanic GasesVolcanic LightningVolcanic SoundsVolcanic HazardsLearn MoreGlossaryGVP Current Eruption ReportsUS Volcano Activity MapVolcano FactoidsBuilding Volcano ModelsCalendarInterviews with VolcanologistsWorking on VolcanoesAdventures and FunFor KidsArt GalleryVolcano GamesVirtual Volcano FieldtripsMount St. Helens by HelicopterVirtual AltiplanoVirtual Altiplano BoliviaAround SantoriniClimbing Mt AsamaDriving Kilauea Rim DriveExploring the Canary IslandsHiking Mount IjenTo the Top of BeerenbergVolcano FolkloreVolcanic ParksVolcano GalleryAboutContact UsFAQs Welcome to Volcano World!

Volcanic activity is the most powerful force in nature. Some volcanic eruptions are much more powerful than the largest nuclear explosion. Volcanoes have killed thousands of people and caused some of the most frightening events in human history.

This site includes information about volcanoes, their activity, and how they form and erupt.

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GVP Eruption Reports GVP Eruption Reports GVP Eruption Reports Feed Kilauea (United States) - Report for 27 October-2 November 2021 - NEW- Nov 2, 2021

HVO reported that the summit eruption at Kilauea continued during 26 October-2 November at a vent in the lower W wall of Halema`uma`u Crater. Lava entered the lake through a breach in the E part of the W wall cone, feeding the lake which had risen 52 m since 29 September. The lava lake was not level; the W end was 8 m higher than the stagnant E part on 27 October. The sulfur dioxide emission rate was high at 3,600 tonnes per day on 28 October. Lava fountains rose less than 10 m from the W vent, though by 29 October low roiling and spatter bursts were also observed. The Aviation Color Code and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Orange and Watch, respectively.

Source: US Geological Survey Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO)

Read full story.Ulawun (Papua New Guinea) - Report for 27 October-2 November 2021 - NEW- Nov 2, 2021

RVO reported increased unrest at Ulawun. Very small discrete seismic events had been recorded for the past several months by the seismometer located on the SW flank, 5 km from the summit. A small thermal anomaly was identified in satellite images at around 0500 on 3 November. At approximately 0800 RSAM values increased to 100, and by 1115, had risen to 1,400. The values fluctuated between 100 and 1,000 units at least through 1300 when the data was summarized. Tremor was detected on a seismometer at Ulamona, 11-12 km NW from the summit, during periods with higher RSAM values. Steam emissions rose from the crater.

Source: Rabaul Volcano Observatory (RVO)

Read full story.Aira (Japan) - Report for 27 October-2 November 2021- Nov 2, 2021

JMA reported that incandescence from Minamidake Crater (at Aira Caldera?s Sakurajima volcano) was visible at night during 25 October-1 November. Two very small eruptions were detected on 28 and 31 October. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a 5-level scale), and residents were warned to stay 2 km away from the crater.

Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)

Read full story.Ebeko (Russia) - Report for 27 October-2 November 2021- Nov 2, 2021

On 31 October an explosion at Ebeko produced an ash plume that rose to 1.8 km (5,900 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 5 km NE. KVERT raised the Aviation Color Code to Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

Read full story.Fuego (Guatemala) - Report for 27 October-2 November 2021- Nov 2, 2021

INSIVUMEH reported that 3-14 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 26 October-2 November, generating ash plumes as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and shock waves felt in communities around the volcano. Ash plumes mostly drifted as far as 50 km SW, W, and NW and 20 km N and S, causing almost daily ashfall in several areas downwind, including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimach I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofa (12 km SW), Yucales (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Finca Palo Verde, La Rochela, Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW). Block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluy (SW), and Las Lajas (SE) drainages, often reaching vegetated areas. Explosions ejected incandescent material 100-400 m above the summit each day.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

Read full story.Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba (Japan) - Report for 27 October-2 November 2021- Nov 2, 2021

The Japan Coast Guard reported that floating pumice from the mid-August Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba eruption had arrived at coastlines more than 1,000 kilometers away in early October. The pumice first arrived at Kitadaito Island (1,035 km W) on 8 October. In late October pumice circled Okinawa and Maejima islands (1,422 km W) and several ports in the Kagoshima prefecture (1,322 NW). The pumice damaged hundreds of boats and ships, clogged harbors, and impacted the fishing and tourism industries in several areas. Several local governments began the process of removing the pumice from the water.

Sources: Japan Coast Guard,The Guardian News,The Japan Times

Read full story.Great Sitkin (United States) - Report for 27 October-2 November 2021- Nov 2, 2021

AVO reported that lava flows on Great Sitkin?s S and W flanks were 600 m long by 27 October based on satellite images, and lava effusion likely continued during 27 October-2 November. Seismicity remained elevated and was characterized by small earthquakes consistent with ongoing lava flows. Elevated surface temperatures were occasionally detected in satellite images. The Aviation Color Code and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Orange and Watch, respectively.

Source: US Geological Survey Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO)

Read full story.Ibu (Indonesia) - Report for 27 October-2 November 2021- Nov 2, 2021

PVMBG reported that during 26 October-2 November gray-and-white ash plumes from Ibu rose 200-800 m above the summit and drifted N, W, and S. There were at least 151 eruptive events observed during 28-30 October. The Alert Level remained at a 2 (on a scale of 1-4), and the public was warned to stay at least 2 km away from the active crater and 3.5 km away on the N side.

Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)

Read full story.Karymsky (Russia) - Report for 27 October-2 November 2021- Nov 2, 2021

KVERT reported that during 22 and 26-28 October explosions at Karymsky generated ash plumes that rose as high as 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 65 km E and SE. A thermal anomaly was visible on 22 and 28 October. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

Read full story.La Palma (Spain) - Report for 27 October-2 November 2021- Nov 2, 2021

The eruption at La Palma continued during 26 October-2 November, characterized by Strombolian explosions, lava fountaining from multiple vents, advancing and branching lava flows, and daily ash emissions. Eruption details are based on official sources including PEVOLCA (Plan de Emergencias Volcnicas de Canarias) steering committee summaries issued daily. Seismicity remained elevated, with most earthquakes located 10-15 km deep (though some were as deep as 38 km); dozens of events were felt by local residents and some were felt across the entire island. A M 5 earthquake was recorded at 0724 on 30 October at a depth of 35 km and was the largest earthquake recorded since the beginning of the eruption. A second M 5 earthquake was recorded at 1852 on 1 November and had a depth of 38 km. Both of these events, as well as some of the other notable earthquakes, were felt across La Palma Island and in some areas of La Gomera and Tenerife islands. The vents in the main cone continued to effuse lava, eject tephra, and produce sometimes dense and billowing ash-and-gas plumes that rose 2.2-5 km (7,200-16,400 ft) a.s.l. Several vents in the main cone were active, though the activity levels varied in intensity throughout the week. A small collapse of the upper part of the main cone on 26 October caused lava to flow W over previous flows that filled in some small gaps where they had not previously covered. Beginning around noon on 29 October a series of intense and audible explosions occurred for several hours, generating a large amount of ash that was distributed across the valley. The tallest ash plumes were observed during 30-31 October. Audible explosions and significant ash emissions continued intermittently through 2 November, with ashfall affecting the entire W and NW parts of the island. Authorities issued multiple air quality alerts warning residents of some affected areas (Los Llanos de Aridane in particular), to stay indoors and, if going outside, to wear a filtering mask. For a period of time on 31 October the larger explosions were accompanied by shock waves and concurrently, the effusion rate at the NW flank vent notably increased. Sulfur dioxide emissions fluctuated at high levels between 4,990 and 22,000 tons per day during 27 October-2 November and showed an overall downward trend during the last week in October; no estimates were made on 29 October due to technical difficulties. Lava effused at a high rate from a vent on the NW flank of the main cone, flowing through pre-existing lava channels and tubes, and occasionally breaking out and forming new flows. The lava-flow field was characterized by three main areas: the initial main flow that traveled W, flowing around the S part of Montaa de Todoque, toward the sea and creating a lava delta, a flow that had branched off of the main flow to the S, and the flows that traveled W along the N margins of the main flow. Lava flows sometimes overflowed their channels, forming ephemeral flows that spread laterally, descended short distances, and were also transported downslope in lava tubes. The initial flow that reached the sea and formed the delta was not notably fed and was 30 m thick in some areas. The lava flows that had advanced W along the S side of Montaa de La Laguna was 86 m from the coast of Tazacorte, near the beach of El Perdido. The southern flow had advanced at a low rate and by 28 October was 400 m from the sea by 27 October. Lava that travelled SW over older flows emplaced along the S margins of the flow field overflowed the channel, bifurcated, and quickly advanced 1.5 km W and SW over new ground during 28-30 October. This lava flow continued to advance and by 2 November it was 150 m from the LP-211 road, though the advancement rate had slowed considerably to 1 meter per hour. Overall, the flow field widened to 3.1 km, with most of the expansion occurring along the S margins, and covered an estimated 9.77 square kilometers by 2 November.

Sources: Gobierno de Canaries ,Instituto Geogrfico Nacional (IGN),Instituto Volcanolgico de Canarias (INVOLCAN)

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